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The Dawn of Bitcoin Programmability: Paving the Way for Rollups
By
Anil Lulla•
Bitcoin's scripting system is inherently limited in its programmability. Consequently, bridges to Bitcoin rely on multisigs and federation control, introducing trust. This has constrained Bitcoin's utility.
Recent advancements are enhancing programmability on Bitcoin. BitVM, its successors, and CatVM are enabling the verification of off-chain programs on Bitcoin through fraud proofs. This improves the current state of bridging on Bitcoin, minimizing the reliance on trusted multisig setups and federated bridges.
This report explores these recent advancements, including BitVM, CatVM, Lamport signatures, and the proposed OP_CAT opcode, along with their implications for trust-minimized bridging & zk-rollups on Bitcoin.

Getting a BIT Mantle
By
Anil Lulla•
Mantle Network positions itself as a modular L2 that brings together features like modular data availability, MPC, and decentralized sequencers to achieve high scalability and improved user experience. Its distinctive incorporation of EigenDA promises a reduction in gas fees by as much as 70%, providing significant cost benefits to end users.

Solo, Liquid, or Centralized: A Guide to Staking ETH
By
Anil Lulla•
The launch of Ethereum's Shapella upgrade marks a significant moment that allows the withdrawal of staked ETH from the Beacon Chain, a feature that was previously unavailable. As highlighted in our earlier report on ETH staking, this newfound function paradoxically may not trigger a mass withdrawal.

The DeSocial Protocols
By
Anil Lulla•
If you have been using social media platforms in the last decade, you have probably noticed that they are fumbling. This has been most apparent on Twitter. From arbitrary censoring of competitor links in tweets, to nonstop bots and spam across platforms to arbitrary banning or sudden changes in API access - using Twitter has never been so miserable.
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